What is the main purpose of glucagon in the body?

The primary role of glucagon in the body is to raise blood sugar levels, especially during states of low blood glucose, such as hypoglycemia. It is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and acts in opposition to insulin. When blood sugar levels fall, glucagon is released into the bloodstream. It stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the blood, thereby increasing the overall blood glucose concentration.

This action is crucial for maintaining energy homeostasis and ensuring that organs, especially the brain, receive a sufficient supply of glucose, which is a primary energy source. The response activated by glucagon ensures that, during stressful conditions or between meals, the body has a mechanism to counteract low blood sugar levels effectively.

In contrast, the other options involve processes that do not directly relate to the primary function of glucagon. For instance, lowering blood pressure, promoting insulin production, and increasing fat storage are actions associated with different hormonal functions in the body, such as those governed by insulin and other metabolic hormones. Thus, the main purpose of glucagon is clearly defined as raising blood sugar levels in response to hypoglycemic conditions.