What are common long-term complications of poorly managed diabetes?

Long-term complications of poorly managed diabetes primarily stem from chronic high blood sugar levels, which can lead to damage in multiple organ systems over time. Neuropathy refers to nerve damage that can cause pain, tingling, or loss of sensation, particularly in the extremities. Nephropathy involves damage to the kidneys, potentially leading to kidney failure. Retinopathy pertains to damage to the blood vessels in the retina, which can result in vision impairment or blindness. Lastly, cardiovascular diseases encompass a range of heart-related issues, including heart disease and stroke, which are significantly more common in individuals with poorly managed diabetes due to the combined effects of blood sugar variations, high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol levels. These complications illustrate the importance of effective diabetes management to prevent significant health risks.