How do stress hormones affect blood sugar levels?

Stress hormones can significantly raise blood sugar levels. When the body experiences stress, it releases hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline (epinephrine). These hormones trigger the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream, a process known as glycogenolysis. Additionally, cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis, which is the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. As a result, during periods of stress, blood glucose levels can increase, which can be particularly concerning for individuals with diabetes, as they may already struggle to maintain normal blood sugar levels.

The other options don't accurately reflect the effects of stress hormones on blood sugar. While some might think stress hormones could have no effect or stabilize blood sugar, the reality is that they actively work to elevate glucose levels in response to stress, preparing the body for a 'fight or flight' reaction. Similarly, while some might consider that these hormones could lower blood sugar, the main physiological response is an increase in blood glucose to meet immediate energy demands. Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing diabetes during stressful situations.